/**
 * Sync Engine — Core implementation
 *
 * Offline-first sync with:
 * - Queue persistence via pluggable StorageAdapter
 * - Deduplication (collapse updates to same entity + id)
 * - Exponential backoff retry (configurable base/max delay)
 * - Conflict detection via HTTP 409 + configurable resolution strategies
 * - Connectivity detection with auto-flush on reconnect
 * - Telemetry integration for sync success/failure/conflict tracking
 * - onPull callback so consumers merge pulled data into local store
 *
 * @module @bytelyst/sync/engine
 */

import type {
  SyncEngine,
  SyncEngineConfig,
  SyncItem,
  SyncResult,
  SyncStatus,
  SyncStatusInfo,
  SyncStatusCallback,
  EntityName,
  SyncOperation,
  ConflictStrategy,
  Conflict,
} from './types.js';

// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Constants
// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

const DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES = 5;
const DEFAULT_RETRY_BASE_DELAY_MS = 1000;
const DEFAULT_RETRY_MAX_DELAY_MS = 30_000;
const QUEUE_KEY = 'queue';
const LAST_SYNC_KEY = 'lastSync';

// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// HTTP 409 Conflict Error
// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

export class SyncConflictError extends Error {
  constructor(public remoteData: unknown) {
    super('Sync conflict: server has newer version');
    this.name = 'SyncConflictError';
  }
}

// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Helpers
// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/** Compute exponential backoff with jitter: base * 2^attempt + random jitter */
export function computeBackoff(attempt: number, baseMs: number, maxMs: number): number {
  const delay = Math.min(baseMs * Math.pow(2, attempt), maxMs);
  const jitter = delay * 0.1 * Math.random();
  return delay + jitter;
}

function sleep(ms: number): Promise<void> {
  return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
}

// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Sync Engine Implementation
// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

export class SyncEngineImpl implements SyncEngine {
  private config: Required<
    Pick<SyncEngineConfig, 'maxRetries' | 'retryBaseDelayMs' | 'retryMaxDelayMs'>
  > &
    SyncEngineConfig;
  private status: SyncStatus = 'idle';
  private queueLength = 0;
  private lastSyncAt?: string;
  private lastError?: string;
  private statusListeners: Set<SyncStatusCallback> = new Set();
  private onlineHandler: (() => void) | null = null;
  private offlineHandler: (() => void) | null = null;
  private destroyed = false;

  constructor(config: SyncEngineConfig) {
    this.config = {
      maxRetries: DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES,
      retryBaseDelayMs: DEFAULT_RETRY_BASE_DELAY_MS,
      retryMaxDelayMs: DEFAULT_RETRY_MAX_DELAY_MS,
      ...config,
    };
    this.setupConnectivityDetection();
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Core Operations
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  async push(
    entity: EntityName,
    data: unknown,
    operation: SyncOperation = 'create'
  ): Promise<void> {
    const item: SyncItem = {
      id: this.generateId(),
      entity,
      operation,
      data,
      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
      retryCount: 0,
    };

    const existingQueue = await this.getQueue();
    const dedupKey = this.getDedupKey(entity, data);
    const existingIndex = existingQueue.findIndex(
      i => this.getDedupKey(i.entity, i.data) === dedupKey && i.operation === operation
    );

    if (existingIndex >= 0) {
      existingQueue[existingIndex] = item;
    } else {
      existingQueue.push(item);
    }

    await this.saveQueue(existingQueue);
    this.notifyStatus();
  }

  async delete(entity: EntityName, id: string): Promise<void> {
    // Also remove any pending create/update for this entity+id
    const queue = await this.getQueue();
    const dedupKey = `${entity}:${id}`;
    const filtered = queue.filter(i => this.getDedupKey(i.entity, i.data) !== dedupKey);

    const item: SyncItem = {
      id: this.generateId(),
      entity,
      operation: 'delete',
      data: { id },
      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
      retryCount: 0,
    };
    filtered.push(item);

    await this.saveQueue(filtered);
    this.notifyStatus();
  }

  async pull(): Promise<SyncResult> {
    const result = this.emptyResult();
    this.setStatus('syncing');

    try {
      for (const [entityName, entityConfig] of Object.entries(this.config.entities)) {
        try {
          const count = await this.pullEntity(entityName, entityConfig.endpoint);
          result.pulled += count;
        } catch (error) {
          result.errors++;
          this.trackTelemetry('sync_pull_error', entityName, error);
        }
      }

      result.timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
      await this.setLastSyncTime(result.timestamp);
      this.lastSyncAt = result.timestamp;
      this.setStatus(result.errors > 0 ? 'error' : 'idle');
    } catch (error) {
      result.success = false;
      this.setStatus('error', error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error');
    }

    return result;
  }

  async fullSync(): Promise<SyncResult> {
    if (!this.isOnline()) {
      this.setStatus('offline');
      return { ...this.emptyResult(), success: false };
    }

    const pushResult = await this.pushQueue();
    const pullResult = await this.pull();

    const combined: SyncResult = {
      success: pushResult.success && pullResult.success,
      pushed: pushResult.pushed,
      pulled: pullResult.pulled,
      conflicts: pushResult.conflicts + pullResult.conflicts,
      errors: pushResult.errors + pullResult.errors,
      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
    };

    this.trackTelemetry('sync_complete', '*', undefined, {
      pushed: combined.pushed,
      pulled: combined.pulled,
      conflicts: combined.conflicts,
      errors: combined.errors,
    });

    return combined;
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Queue Management
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  private async getQueue(): Promise<SyncItem[]> {
    const queue = await this.config.storage.getItem<SyncItem[]>(QUEUE_KEY);
    return queue || [];
  }

  private async saveQueue(queue: SyncItem[]): Promise<void> {
    await this.config.storage.setItem(QUEUE_KEY, queue);
    this.queueLength = queue.length;
  }

  private async pushQueue(): Promise<SyncResult> {
    const queue = await this.getQueue();
    const result = this.emptyResult();

    if (queue.length === 0) return result;

    this.setStatus('syncing');
    const remaining: SyncItem[] = [];

    for (const item of queue) {
      try {
        await this.pushItemWithRetry(item);
        result.pushed++;
      } catch (error) {
        if (error instanceof SyncConflictError) {
          result.conflicts++;
          const resolved = await this.handleConflict(item, error.remoteData);
          if (resolved) {
            result.pushed++;
          } else {
            result.errors++;
          }
        } else if (item.retryCount < this.config.maxRetries) {
          item.retryCount++;
          item.lastError = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
          remaining.push(item);
        } else {
          result.errors++;
          this.trackTelemetry('sync_push_dropped', item.entity, error);
        }
      }
    }

    await this.saveQueue(remaining);

    if (result.errors > 0) {
      result.success = false;
    }

    return result;
  }

  private async pushItemWithRetry(item: SyncItem): Promise<void> {
    const entityConfig = this.config.entities[item.entity];
    if (!entityConfig) {
      throw new Error(`Unknown entity: ${item.entity}`);
    }

    const dataId = (item.data as { id?: string })?.id;
    const path =
      (item.operation === 'delete' || item.operation === 'update') && dataId
        ? `${entityConfig.endpoint}/${dataId}`
        : entityConfig.endpoint;

    const method =
      item.operation === 'delete' ? 'DELETE' : item.operation === 'update' ? 'PATCH' : 'POST';

    const headers: Record<string, string> = {};
    if (method !== 'DELETE') {
      headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json';
    }

    // Attempt with exponential backoff on transient failures
    let lastError: unknown;
    const maxAttempts = Math.max(1, this.config.maxRetries - item.retryCount);

    for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxAttempts; attempt++) {
      try {
        await this.config.apiClient.fetch<unknown>(path, {
          method,
          headers,
          body: method !== 'DELETE' ? JSON.stringify(item.data) : undefined,
        });
        // Success — track and return
        this.trackTelemetry('sync_push_success', item.entity);
        return;
      } catch (error) {
        lastError = error;

        // Check for conflict (409) — don't retry, let caller handle
        if (error instanceof SyncConflictError) {
          throw error;
        }
        if (this.isConflictError(error)) {
          throw new SyncConflictError(undefined);
        }

        // Non-retriable errors — throw immediately
        if (this.isNonRetriable(error)) {
          throw error;
        }

        // Transient error — backoff and retry
        if (attempt < maxAttempts - 1) {
          const delay = computeBackoff(
            attempt,
            this.config.retryBaseDelayMs,
            this.config.retryMaxDelayMs
          );
          await sleep(delay);
        }
      }
    }

    throw lastError;
  }

  private async pullEntity(entityName: string, endpoint: string): Promise<number> {
    const lastSync = await this.getLastSyncTime();
    const path = lastSync ? `${endpoint}?since=${encodeURIComponent(lastSync)}` : endpoint;

    const response = await this.config.apiClient.safeFetch<{ items: unknown[] }>(path);

    if (response.error || !response.data) {
      return 0;
    }

    const items = response.data.items ?? [];

    if (items.length > 0 && this.config.onPull) {
      await this.config.onPull(entityName, items);
    }

    return items.length;
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Conflict Resolution
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  private async handleConflict(item: SyncItem, remoteData: unknown): Promise<boolean> {
    const entityConfig = this.config.entities[item.entity];
    if (!entityConfig) return false;

    const strategy = entityConfig.conflictStrategy;
    this.trackTelemetry('sync_conflict', item.entity, undefined, { strategy });

    try {
      const winner = await this.resolveConflict(item, remoteData, strategy);

      if (winner === remoteData) {
        // Server wins — nothing to push, consumer gets remote via onPull
        if (this.config.onPull) {
          await this.config.onPull(item.entity, [remoteData]);
        }
        return true;
      }

      // Client data wins — re-push with force
      const dataId = (winner as { id?: string })?.id;
      const endpoint = entityConfig.endpoint;
      const path = dataId ? `${endpoint}/${dataId}` : endpoint;
      await this.config.apiClient.fetch(path, {
        method: 'PUT',
        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
        body: JSON.stringify(winner),
      });
      return true;
    } catch {
      return false;
    }
  }

  private async resolveConflict(
    item: SyncItem,
    remoteData: unknown,
    strategy: ConflictStrategy
  ): Promise<unknown> {
    switch (strategy) {
      case 'server-wins':
        return remoteData;

      case 'client-wins':
        return item.data;

      case 'last-write-wins': {
        const localTime = new Date(item.timestamp).getTime();
        const remoteTime = new Date(
          (remoteData as { updatedAt?: string })?.updatedAt ?? '1970-01-01'
        ).getTime();
        return localTime > remoteTime ? item.data : remoteData;
      }

      case 'manual': {
        if (this.config.onConflict) {
          const conflict: Conflict = {
            entity: item.entity,
            localItem: item,
            remoteData,
          };
          return await this.config.onConflict(conflict);
        }
        // No handler — fall back to server-wins
        return remoteData;
      }

      default:
        return remoteData;
    }
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Connectivity Detection
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  private setupConnectivityDetection(): void {
    if (typeof globalThis === 'undefined') return;
    const win = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : undefined;
    if (!win?.addEventListener) return;

    this.onlineHandler = () => {
      this.setStatus('idle');
      void this.flush();
    };
    this.offlineHandler = () => {
      this.setStatus('offline');
    };

    win.addEventListener('online', this.onlineHandler);
    win.addEventListener('offline', this.offlineHandler);
  }

  private isOnline(): boolean {
    if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && typeof navigator.onLine === 'boolean') {
      return navigator.onLine;
    }
    return true; // Assume online in non-browser environments (Node.js, SSR)
  }

  async flush(): Promise<void> {
    if (this.destroyed || this.status === 'syncing') return;
    const result = await this.pushQueue();
    if (result.success && result.errors === 0) {
      this.setStatus('idle');
    }
  }

  destroy(): void {
    this.destroyed = true;
    const win = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : undefined;
    if (win) {
      if (this.onlineHandler) win.removeEventListener('online', this.onlineHandler);
      if (this.offlineHandler) win.removeEventListener('offline', this.offlineHandler);
    }
    this.statusListeners.clear();
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Status & Monitoring
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  getQueueLength(): number {
    return this.queueLength;
  }

  getStatus(): SyncStatusInfo {
    return {
      status: this.status,
      queueLength: this.queueLength,
      lastSyncAt: this.lastSyncAt,
      lastError: this.lastError,
    };
  }

  onStatusChange(callback: SyncStatusCallback): () => void {
    this.statusListeners.add(callback);
    return () => this.statusListeners.delete(callback);
  }

  private setStatus(status: SyncStatus, error?: string): void {
    this.status = status;
    if (error) this.lastError = error;
    this.notifyStatus();
  }

  private notifyStatus(): void {
    const info: SyncStatusInfo = {
      status: this.status,
      queueLength: this.queueLength,
      lastSyncAt: this.lastSyncAt,
      lastError: this.lastError,
    };
    this.statusListeners.forEach(cb => cb(info));
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Utility
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  async clearQueue(): Promise<void> {
    await this.saveQueue([]);
    this.notifyStatus();
  }

  async reprocessFailed(): Promise<void> {
    const queue = await this.getQueue();
    const reset = queue.map(item => ({
      ...item,
      retryCount: 0,
      lastError: undefined,
    }));
    await this.saveQueue(reset);
    await this.flush();
  }

  private async getLastSyncTime(): Promise<string | undefined> {
    return (await this.config.storage.getItem<string>(LAST_SYNC_KEY)) || undefined;
  }

  private async setLastSyncTime(timestamp: string): Promise<void> {
    await this.config.storage.setItem(LAST_SYNC_KEY, timestamp);
  }

  private generateId(): string {
    return `${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 11)}`;
  }

  private getDedupKey(entity: string, data: unknown): string {
    const id = (data as { id?: string })?.id;
    return id ? `${entity}:${id}` : `${entity}:${JSON.stringify(data)}`;
  }

  private emptyResult(): SyncResult {
    return {
      success: true,
      pushed: 0,
      pulled: 0,
      conflicts: 0,
      errors: 0,
      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
    };
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Error Classification
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  private isConflictError(error: unknown): boolean {
    if (error instanceof SyncConflictError) return true;
    const msg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
    return msg.includes('409') || msg.includes('conflict');
  }

  private isNonRetriable(error: unknown): boolean {
    const msg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
    // 4xx errors (except 408, 429) are non-retriable
    return /\b(400|401|403|404|405|406|410|422)\b/.test(msg);
  }

  private extractRemoteData(error: unknown): unknown {
    if (error instanceof SyncConflictError) return error.remoteData;
    return undefined;
  }

  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  // Telemetry
  // ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  private trackTelemetry(
    eventName: string,
    entity: string,
    error?: unknown,
    extra?: Record<string, unknown>
  ): void {
    if (!this.config.telemetryClient) return;
    try {
      this.config.telemetryClient.trackEvent('sync', 'sync-engine', eventName, {
        tags: {
          productId: this.config.productId,
          entity,
          ...(error ? { error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error) } : {}),
        },
        metrics: extra as Record<string, number> | undefined,
      });
    } catch {
      // Telemetry should never break sync
    }
  }
}

// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Factory Function
// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

export function createSyncEngine(config: SyncEngineConfig): SyncEngine {
  return new SyncEngineImpl(config);
}